This report highlights how the Syrian transitional authorities have failed to protect freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) and implement rule of law to protect religious minorities. Both state and nonstate actors have committed acts of sectarian violence, including extrajudicial killings against Alawis, Druze, Christians, and other religious groups. Similarly, the Islamic State group continues to threaten FoRB in Syria, attacking houses of worship and killing worshipers.