This factsheet examines current and proposed regulatory frameworks in five East African countries—Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, and Uganda—that collectively demonstrate a mix of growing restrictions alongside constitutional protections. All five are signatories to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and all but Burundi have also endorsed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights—both of which serve as a fundamental basis for international standards of freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) rights and protections.