The evidence suggests that the benefits of investing systematically in strengthening the operational global, regional, national and hydrometeorological system needed for climate services outweigh the costs by about 80 to 1.

The report also highlights that “the capacities to deliver and access these services are highly uneven across regions and countries. The challenge is to strengthen the global-regional-national hydro-meteorological system needed to operationalize and deliver these products and services at country level, particularly in developing countries, so that everybody benefits”.

Food-insecure people are among those hit hardest by climate change. Over 80% of the world’s food insecure live in degraded environments exposed to recurrent extreme events such as storms, floods and drought. In a warming world, extreme climate conditions will become more frequent and severe.

The report puts forward strategic recommendations addressing five major areas in need of improvement:

• Fit-for-purpose financial support to operationalize and scale up climate services to support country-level agrometeorological service delivery, especially in Africa and small island developing states
• Systematic observations as fundamental for the provision of climate services
• An enhanced climate science basis for priority climate actions
• Addressing the “last mile” barrier through multi-stakeholder partnerships
• Systematic monitoring and evaluation of socioeconomic benefits of climate services