This publication outlines the Vietnamese government’s systematic, ongoing, and egregious religious freedom violations, including updates on its complex and worsening legal framework through which it restricts FoRB, its targeting of unregistered groups, and its use of transnational repression to target religious dissidents abroad. In its 2026 Annual Report, USCIRF recommended that the U.S. Department of State designate Vietnam as a Country of Particular Concern, or CPC.